The Introduction of a Proposed Pathway for Study and Research in the Field of Ethical Traits and its Educational Applications

Babak Shamshiri / Associate Professor of the Philosophy of Education, Shiraz University

Received: 2018/11/26 - Accepted: 2019/04/09                         bshamshiri@rose.shirazu.ac.ir

Abstract

As a set of vices and virtues, the view of traits is among the oldest and most influential ethical views in the Muslim world, and most of the moral writings of Muslims, including the past and the contemporary writers, have dealt with ethics from this perspective. Now, if we consider the above view as the theoretical framework for doing ethical studies, the purpose of this study is to introduce and present a pathway for scientific studies and research in the field of ethical traits. With this aim in mind, the main question of the present research is: What steps are necessary for study and research in the field of ethical traits? The results indicate that six general steps can be considered for the study of ethical traits. These steps include: conceptualizing ethical traits, identifying the roots of ethical traits, the implications of ethical traits, preventive strategies of moral vices, and therapeutic approaches and ways of developing moral virtues. These six steps require the use of a variety of research methods including the traditional Islamic method (principles of jurisprudence), new quantitative and qualitative scientific methods, as well as philosophical research method, especially the conceptual analysis approach. This proposed path can help to develop research in the field of moral education.

Keywords: ethics, ethical traits, ethical values, ethical education, research model.

Does Religious Morality Exist?

Ali Asghar Mohammadzadeh / PhD Student of Islamic Ethics, University of Ma'aref aamohammadzadeh110@gmail.com

Mohammad Sarbakhshi / Assistant Professor, Department of Philosophy, IK Institute of Education and Research                                                                                                                     msarbakhshi@gmail.com

Received: 2018/10/23 - Accepted: 2019/03/09

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to study whether religious morality exists or not. To address this issue, the question is stated in four meanings, and then each meaning is dealt with separately: First, is there religious morality? That is, is a part of religion related to morality so it can be called religious morality? Second, is there religious morality that means moral system? Third, are there any moral theories to be attributed to religion by the believers, so that it can be called religious morality? Fourth, is morality dependent on religion and does secular ethics make any sense? This paper studies the above four meanings, which are presented in four separate questions. The answer to the first three questions is positive, and the answer to the last question is negative. The main research method of is philosophical, but, depending on the case, sometimes a narrative method is also used.

Keywords: religious ethics, religious- ethical rules, religious- ethical system, dependence of ethics on religion, Secular Ethics.

The Ethical Methodology of Divine Legislation and the Enforcement of Hudood in Islam

Mohammad Reza Ghazaei / PhD Student of Teaching Islmic Knowledge, the Quran and Texts Subdissipline, Farabi Colledeg, University of Tehran                                                                           m.r.ghazaie313@gmail.com

Received: 2018/09/26 - Accepted: 2019/02/01

Abstract

In order to deal with some crimes, Islam has some ways one of which is laying down criminal laws. These laws are based on the education of individuals and the community, and have several stages. Among them are some preliminaries that should be passed in legislation. Following these preliminaries come the stage of the enforcement of Hudood that has its own ethical requirements. This research first attempted to explain the methodology of Islam in the introduction and explanation of passing the educational preliminaries and then, in the legislation of Hudood. Then it presented a proper model of the legislation process, and through the methodology of the enforcement of Hudood in Islam, analyzed the moral requirements of the enforcement of Hudood.  The results emphasize the principles of prevention, treatment and gradual education at the stage of setting the Hudood, through giving awareness to human beings. Other results include the principle of education, paying attention to the rights and conditions of the culprit, and Islamic forgiveness during the Islamic legislation process and the enforcement of Hudood.

Keywords: moral methodology, Islamic education, gradual education, legislation of Hudood, enforcement of Hudood.

The State of »Forgetfulness of God« in the Series of Causes and Consequences of »Self-forgetfulness«

Fatemeh Qodrati / Assistannt Professor of Theology Department, Yasuj University

Received: 2018/11/11 - Accepted: 2019/04/20                                            f.ghodrati@yu.ac.ir

Abstract

The issue of »identity crisis« or »self-forgetfulness« and the crisis of »self-alienation« has always been a matter of concern to man. Referring to the Qur'anic verses and the narrations and also views of Ayatollah Javadi Amoli, the present research first presents a clear concept of the mental crisis of »self-forgetfulness« and on the second step, expounds on the state of »forgetfulness of God« and secularism in the series of causes and consequences of »self-forgetfulness«. The research findings indicate that self-forgetfulness does not mean to lose monotheistic nature but it means devoting special attention to materialistic life and ignoring man's nature and his soul. Regarding the state of forgetfulness of God, according to the Qur'anic verses, belief in monotheism reinforces man's nature and forgetting God causes self-forgetfulness. On the other hand, considering the verses of the holy Qur'an mentioning that the beginning and the end are the same and man is a perfect and complete manifestation of God's attributes, eventually self-forgetfulness leads in forgetting God. Therefore, the issue of forgetfulness of God can be analyzed in the series of causes and consequences of self-forgetfulness.

Keywords: self-forgetfulness, forgetfulness of God, the verses of the holy Qur'an, forgetfulness, forgetting one's self.

Examining the Moral Conflicts of Captivity and the Ways of Handling them with the Islamic Approach

Mahdi Ebadinia / MA in Applied Ethics, the Institute of Ethics and Education mahdiebadinia@gmail.com

Hossein Diba / Assistant Professor of the Psychology of Ethics, Research Center for Islamic

Sciences and Culture                                                                                   hoseindiba@gmail.com

Received: 2018/11/11 - Accepted: 2019/03/05

Abstract

One of the major issues facing international communities in international armed conflicts is capturing and dealing with prisoners. There are some agreements such as the Geneva Conventions, July 27, 1929 for acknowledging the rights of the prisoners, which the signatory countries are required to comply with. The religion of Islam also has important rules and regulations for prisoners, and failure to comply with these rules is considered an international crime. But an important issue that is sometimes faced by a soldier is the conflict that arises when dealing with a war prisoner; the soldier has to choose one side of the conflict, and his choice might create a moral conflict for him. So what is his duty in these matters? Discussing this subject, this library-based research will examine Islamic commands in this regard.

Keywords: captivity, ethics, applied ethics, conflict, conflicts.

The Content Analysis of the Book “Heavenly Gifts” of the Second Grade of Elementary School Based on the Components of Moral Education

Meysam Gholampour / PhD Student of Curriculum Planning, Birjand University Meysam.gholampoor@birjand.ac.ir

Abbas Ghasemian / Lecturer at Farhangian University, Shahid Beheshti College, Mashhad, Iran

Majib al-Rahman Rezaei / Primary Education Expert, Primary School Teacher

Omid Pourmand / Primary Education Expert, Primary School Teacher

Received: 2018/10/29 - Accepted: 2019/03/06

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to analyze the content of “Heavenly Gifts” books of the fourth, fifth, and sixth grades of elementary school in terms of attention to the components of ethical education. In this research, the method of analyzing the qualitative-deductive content has been used to determine the components of moral education and the amount of attention paid to these components in the “heavenly gifts” books of the second grade of elementary school. To this end, all texts, pictures and activities of the book were analyzed. The content analysis instrument was a researcher-developed checklist based on the first phase of the research. The validity of the research instrument was acknowledged by the experts of this field. Also, the reliability of the instrument was calculated by using William Scott's formula, which showed an agreement coefficient of 0.86. The findings indicate that these components have been unevenly addressed in the aforementioned books. Teaching cooperation and strategies for maintaining friendship are the most frequent and teaching the use of rational and religious criteria in assessing and ability of decision-making in moral conflicts are the least frequent. Therefore, the need for balanced attention to these components in the “heavenly gifts” books is necessary.

Keywords: oral education, Heavenly Gift books, second grade of elementary school.