Ma`rifat Akhlaqi

Ju-chia (Ju Philosophy) is one of the hundreds of schools of thought in the cultural sphere of ancient China, in the works of its scholars, especially Confucius and Mensius, the topics of moral anthropology are widely represented. The findings of the present study show that the moral readings of these two Chinese philosophers, from human nature and its relation to the universe, are fundamentally corresponding and complementary. According to Analectus, Confucius always emphasized the goodness of human nature, but according to sufficient evidence from Mangez's treatise, it was Mensius who focused on the existence of four moral beginnings in human nature and their role in life and moral behavior. Man has endeavored to elevate and conceptualize as much as possible the teachings of his master. Both Chinese philosophers process man's favorable relationship with the universe and society, thereby establishing a relatively coherent moral program for man's worldly happiness (not hereafter salvation). In the anthropology of these two sages, "Tian" (heaven), "Tao" (path) and Ming (destiny) have a high status and alignment with them is the main criterion of individual and social cohesion (happiness).